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For Water Utilities

Make water use visible. Reduce consumption 5–15%.

Level Lume is an ambient conservation device that utilities can deploy to households. No app to install, no behavior change program to run — residents simply glance at a wall fixture that shifts color with their water use.

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Projected Impact

What the research shows.

Decades of peer-reviewed research confirm that real-time, always-visible feedback on resource consumption reduces usage by 5–15%. Level Lume applies this principle with modern hardware — no screens, no apps, no learning curve.

5–15%
Consumption reduction
~10k
Gallons saved per leak detected
15 min
Self-install, no plumber
The Science

Why ambient feedback outperforms apps and reports.

Monthly billing statements tell residents what they used — weeks after the fact. Apps require conscious effort to open. Ambient feedback works because it requires zero effort: a glance at a wall fixture communicates usage instantly through color. Green means low. Yellow means moderate. Red means high. Blue signals a leak.

This isn't speculative. The mechanism has been studied since the 1970s energy crisis, and has been validated repeatedly across electricity, gas, and water.

Darby, 2006 — University of Oxford

"The effectiveness of feedback on energy consumption." Review for the Environmental Change Institute found that in-home displays reduce consumption by 5–12%, with savings persisting over time. [1]

Ehrhardt-Martinez et al., 2010 — ACEEE

"Advanced metering initiatives and residential feedback programs." Meta-review of 61 studies across 9 countries found real-time feedback produces average savings of 12%, outperforming enhanced billing (3.8%) and web-based audits (8.4%). [2]

Fischer, 2008 — Energy Efficiency

"Feedback on household electricity consumption: A tool for saving energy?" Systematic review of feedback programs finding that frequent, always-visible, appliance-specific feedback produces the strongest conservation effects. [3]

EPA WaterSense

The average household with leaks wastes approximately 10,000 gallons per year. Nationally, easy-to-fix leaks account for nearly 1 trillion gallons wasted annually. [4]

Dropcountr / Denver Water, 2018

Real-world utility pilot: households receiving real-time water feedback consumed 7.5% less water than non-participants, at a program cost of $450 per acre-foot — significantly below the utility's prior conservation cost of $793/AF. [5]

Cost-Effectiveness

Competitive cost per acre-foot.

Utility conservation programs are measured by cost per acre-foot of water saved. Level Lume's one-time hardware cost, amortized over years of sustained savings, is competitive with existing demand-side management programs and significantly cheaper than new supply infrastructure.

Desalination
~$3,400 [6]
Recycled water
~$2,900 [6]
Avg. conservation program
~$1,300 [6]
Real-time feedback (benchmark)
~$450 [5]

Cost per acre-foot saved. Desalination, recycled water, and average conservation program figures from CPUC White Paper on Cost of New Water Sources. Real-time feedback benchmark from Denver Water / Dropcountr pilot program. Level Lume's actual cost per acre-foot will be determined through pilot program measurement. 1 acre-foot = 325,851 gallons.

Program Design

Three ways to deploy.

Level Lume fits into existing utility program structures. Pick the model that works for your district.

01

Pilot Program

Start with 50–200 households. Measure real consumption data against a control group. Build the evidence base for your district before scaling.

02

Rebate Program

Subsidize the device cost for ratepayers. Customer self-installs in 15 minutes — no plumber, no meter modification. Low administrative overhead.

03

Direct Distribution

Purchase in bulk and distribute to high-consumption households. Target the top 20% of users where the conservation opportunity is greatest.

Leak detection that doesn't wait for the bill.

When Level Lume detects continuous water flow, the fixture turns blue — an immediate, impossible-to-miss alert. No push notification to ignore, no app to check. Residents see it the moment they walk past.

The average household with leaks wastes approximately 10,000 gallons per year according to the EPA. [4] Early visual detection can significantly reduce that waste by alerting residents before a small leak becomes a large one.

~10,000
Gallons wasted per year by average leaking household (EPA) [4]
~1T
Gallons wasted nationally per year from household leaks (EPA) [4]
Instant
Visual alert vs. weeks waiting for a bill

Data privacy built in.

Individual household data stays with the homeowner. Level Lume does not share personally identifiable consumption data with utilities or third parties without explicit consent.

Utilities receive aggregate, anonymized program reports: total program savings, participation rates, average reduction percentages. Enough to evaluate and report on the program — without compromising customer trust.

Customer-owned data

Individual usage data belongs to the homeowner. Full control, full transparency.

Aggregate reporting

Utilities get program-level metrics: total savings, participation, average reduction.

CCPA & GDPR compliant

Built for both California and European privacy regulations from day one.

No data resale

Consumption data is never sold to third parties. Period.

Coverage

Where Level Lume works today.

California

Bay Area & LA

Water meter integration via Flume. Compatible with most US residential meters.

  • EBMUD service area
  • SFPUC service area
  • LADWP & MWD
  • San Jose Water
Broader United States

Any US Utility

Flume integration covers most standard US water meters. No meter replacement or modification required.

  • Standard US meter compatible
  • Self-install, no truck roll
  • Works on existing infrastructure
Belgium & European Union

EU Smart Meters

P1 smart meter integration for electricity, water, and gas. Launching in the Belgian market.

  • DSMR 5.0 compatible
  • Multi-utility monitoring
  • EU expansion planned
Regulatory Alignment

Helping utilities meet conservation mandates.

California's AB 1668 and SB 606 set urban indoor water use targets that tighten over time: 47 gallons per person per day as of 2025, dropping to 42 gallons by 2030. [7] The State Water Resources Control Board requires utilities to demonstrate demand management progress. A measurable, scalable behavioral conservation program strengthens your compliance case.

For EU utilities, the Water Framework Directive and national efficiency targets create similar incentives for demand-side reduction tools with documented results.

The Bottom Line

Active savings fade. Passive savings persist.

Conservation programs that rely on apps and dashboards produce what we call active savings: reductions that depend on a user deliberately checking a screen. Active savings work initially — the novelty drives engagement. But over weeks and months, open rates drop, logins decline, and savings erode back toward baseline. Typically, only one person in the household ever engages with the app.

Level Lume produces passive savings. The feedback is always visible, always on, and requires no conscious decision to engage. Every member of the household is exposed — not just the person who installed the app. The fixture is encountered multiple times per day, simply by walking past it. There is no novelty to wear off because the information is environmental, not interactive.

Active Savings

Apps & dashboards

User must open app, read data, decide to act. Engagement peaks at install, then declines. One household member engages. Savings decay as novelty fades.

Passive Savings

Ambient feedback

Information is always visible with zero effort. Every household member is exposed. No login, no notification fatigue. Savings persist because the feedback never stops.

Projected conservation curve: active vs. passive feedback
Illustrative model based on utility pilot engagement decay patterns and ambient feedback persistence research
12%
8%
4%
0%
Month 1
Month 6
Month 12
Month 18
Month 24
Novelty fades Savings hold
App-based feedback (active)
Ambient feedback (passive)

The question for utilities is not whether feedback-based conservation works — the research is clear that it does. The question is how much of that savings curve your program retains over 12, 18, and 24 months. Ambient feedback is designed to maximize persistence. A pilot program will quantify the exact retention curve for your service area.

Let's run a pilot.

50 households. 90 days. Measurable results. We'll help you design and deploy a pilot program tailored to your service area.

Get in touch → Or view our investor overview →

Sources

  1. Darby, S. (2006). "The effectiveness of feedback on energy consumption: A review for DEFRA." Environmental Change Institute, University of Oxford. scirp.org (citation record)
  2. Ehrhardt-Martinez, K., Donnelly, K.A., & Laitner, J.A. (2010). "Advanced Metering Initiatives and Residential Feedback Programs: A Meta-Review for Household Electricity-Saving Opportunities." ACEEE Report E105. aceee.org/research-report/e105
  3. Fischer, C. (2008). "Feedback on household electricity consumption: A tool for saving energy?" Energy Efficiency, 1(1), 79–104. doi:10.1007/s12053-008-9009-7
  4. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. "Fix a Leak Week — WaterSense." epa.gov/watersense/fix-leak-week
  5. Denver Water / Dropcountr. "Denver Water Case Study: Customer Engagement & Water Conservation." dropcountr.com
  6. California Public Utilities Commission, Policy & Planning Division. "What Will Be the Cost of Future Sources of Water for California?" (2016). docs.cpuc.ca.gov
  7. California Water Code § 10609.4 (AB 1668 / SB 606). Indoor residential water use standards. leginfo.legislature.ca.gov